Naturalization

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1. Naturalization: 

Foreigners who have resided in Portugal for an extended period and meet specific requirements may be eligible for naturalization as Portuguese citizens.

That’s correct. Naturalization is a process by which foreigners who have resided in Portugal for an extended period can become Portuguese citizens. 

2. Residency Requirement:

Foreigners seeking naturalization in Portugal typically need to demonstrate a significant period of legal residency in the country. The exact duration of residency is five years in 2024 and is subject to change based on prevailing laws. The five-year time frame will be considered when granting the first residence permit. As of 2024, prospective citizens should be mindful that the countdown toward fulfilling the necessary five years for naturalization initiation commences not upon the residence permit’s approval but upon the residence application’s submission.

This alteration reflects a positive shift in the approach to facilitating processes for foreigners in Portugal. The amended law, introduced in 2024, brings about a more inclusive and streamlined perspective, particularly in residency requirements for naturalization. With the adjustment in calculation methodology, where the five-year time frame for naturalization initiation is now measured from the date of submitting the residence application, there’s a marked emphasis on enhancing accessibility and expediting procedures. This positive approach demonstrates Portugal’s commitment to creating a more welcoming environment for individuals seeking to establish themselves, aligning with the nation’s broader goals of fostering diversity, inclusivity, and international integration.”

3. Legal and Continuous Residency:

The residency period for naturalization purposes is often required to be legal and continuous. This means that individuals must have maintained lawful residence in Portugal without extended interruptions. This requirement dictates that individuals seeking to qualify for naturalization must have adhered to a period of lawful residence within the country that is both legal and uninterrupted. In practical terms, this implies that applicants should have maintained their residency in Portugal without significant or prolonged breaks. The emphasis on legality and continuity underscores the importance of sustained and compliant residence as a critical consideration in the naturalization process.

A holder of a temporary Residence Permit intending to be absent from Portugal for a period exceeding six consecutive months or eight non-consecutive months within the validity period must inform the immigration authority AIMA before departing the national territory. as failure to do so may have implications on the eligibility for and progression toward Portuguese nationality. Hence, individuals are strongly encouraged to proactively engage with AIMA and fulfil this obligation, recognizing its pivotal role in the naturalization process.

4. Integration and Language Proficiency:

Authorities may assess an applicant’s integration into Portuguese society. This could involve language proficiency in Portuguese and familiarity with Portuguese culture and values. In essence, the naturalization process seeks to ensure that prospective citizens contribute meaningfully to the rich tapestry of Portuguese society, fostering a sense of belonging and shared values. As such, individuals aspiring to attain Portuguese nationality are encouraged to excel in language proficiency and engage actively with and appreciate the cultural diversity that defines the vibrant Portuguese community. Proficiency in the languages required A-2 (CIPLE) level.

5. Means of Subsistence:

Applicants for naturalization need to demonstrate that they have the means to support themselves and their dependents financially. This is to ensure that individuals seeking citizenship are self-sufficient. The requirement for subsistence means is significant in the naturalization process. Prospective citizens applying for naturalization must substantiate their capability to sustain themselves and provide financial support for their dependents. This prerequisite is in place to ascertain that individuals seeking citizenship possess the required financial means for self-sufficiency. Therefore, applicants are encouraged to present a thorough and well-documented overview of their financial status, showcasing their ability to impact Portugal’s economic and social landscape positively.

6. Criminal Record Check:

Authorities usually conduct a criminal record check as part of the naturalization process. Criminal severe offences may affect an individual’s eligibility for citizenship. 

Authorities usually conduct a criminal record check as part of the naturalization process. Criminal severe offences may affect an individual’s eligibility for citizenship. The nature and severity of criminal offences may impact the overall assessment of an applicant’s character and adherence to legal standards. Consequently, individuals with a history of severe illegal activities may find their eligibility for citizenship adversely affected. Applicants must recognize the importance of transparency and openly address any concerns related to their criminal history. Full disclosure enables authorities to make informed decisions based on the entirety of an individual’s background. While some criminal offences may raise red flags, the specifics of each case are considered individually to ensure that prospective citizens align with the legal and ethical standards the Portuguese authorities uphold.

7. Compliance with Tax Obligations:

Applicants are generally expected to comply with their tax obligations in Portugal. This includes paying taxes and fulfilling any other financial responsibilities.

To uphold the principles of fiscal integrity, ensuring the timely and accurate payment of taxes by Portuguese tax laws. This commitment to compliance not only aligns with the legal framework but also reflects an individual’s dedication to contributing responsibly to the economic infrastructure of Portugal. Social contribution encompasses a broader responsibility beyond financial aspects, emphasizing individuals’ engagement in societal well-being. This may involve participation in community activities, volunteering, and fostering connections within the local community. Such social engagement contributes to the applicant’s overall integration into Portuguese society and underscores their commitment to contributing. In addition to regular tax payments, applicants are urged to fulfil any other financial responsibilities stipulated by Portuguese authorities. This may include adhering to specific financial regulations, reporting income accurately, and engaging transparently with tax-related matters. Demonstrating a proactive and conscientious approach to financial obligations underscores an applicant’s commitment to becoming a responsible and contributing member of Portuguese society.

The emphasis on tax compliance within the naturalization process reinforces the importance of financial integrity and accountability. It ensures that those seeking Portuguese citizenship are financially capable and ethically committed to upholding the fiscal responsibilities integral to citizenship. Applicants are encouraged to maintain a clear and transparent record of their financial activities, contributing positively to evaluating their suitability for Portuguese citizenship.

8. Renunciation of Previous Citizenship:

Portugal generally allows dual citizenship, but individuals applying for naturalization should check the rules in their home country. Some countries require renunciation of previous citizenship upon acquiring Portuguese nationality.

9. Application Process:

The application process for naturalization typically involves submitting a formal application to the relevant authorities. This process may include providing documentation to support the fulfillment of residency and other requirements.

10. Decision and Approval:

The final decision on naturalization applications rests with the Portuguese authorities. If the application is approved, individuals may receive a naturalization certificate and become Portuguese citizens.

11. Portuguese Passport:

Once naturalized, individuals may apply for a Portuguese passport, an official travel document.

Dual Citizenship: Portugal generally allows dual citizenship, meaning that individuals can hold Portuguese nationality along with the nationality of another country.

Practical Examples: Individuals who applied for residency in December 2020 and are still awaiting approval will be eligible to apply for Portuguese nationality starting December 2025. An individual who submitted a residency application in March 2020 but faced an 18-month waiting period, with the first residency card issued in October 2022, can now apply for nationality starting March 2025. Those applying for residency in early 2024 can anticipate eligibility for Portuguese nationality in 2029, regardless of any potential delays in residency application processing. These changes bring relief and fairness to those navigating the residency and nationality application process, rectifying an inequitable situation created by administrative delays. The new law is expected to take effect one month after being publicized in the Official Gazette, pending presidential ratification. This development is a positive step in streamlining the citizenship application process and reflects Portugal’s responsiveness to the practical challenges its residents face. It ensures that the time spent in limbo awaiting residency approval is duly recognized and counted toward obtaining Portuguese nationality. The Portuguese Parliament has approved this new law, but it is yet to be published in the Official Gazette or undergo presidential ratification; it’s advisable to keep an eye on official announcements for the final and official details. Crown Portugal does not guarantee the information published. Feel free to check official government websites and legal databases or consult legal professionals to ensure you have the most accurate and current information regarding Portugal’s changes to the nationality law.